Page 36 - Maths Class 06

Playing With Numbers

Introduction

In previous class, we have studied about factors, multiples, prime and composite numbers. Here, we will
extend our study by including some properties.

Factors and Multiples

Factors

We know that, a number which divides a given number exactly is called a factor of the given number.
Factor is also termed as multiple.

Number Factor or Multiple
2 1, 2

6 1, 2, 3, 6

15 1, 3, 5, 15
18 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18

50 1, 2, 5, 10, 25, 50

We conclude from the above table that:
(i) 1 is a factor of every number.

(ii) Every number is a factor of itself.
(iii) If any natu ral number ‘b’ is the factor of any natural number ‘a’, then the number ‘b’ exactly
divided the number ‘a’.

Multiples:
Consider the natural number 5. If it is multiply by natural number 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,…, etc. Thus we get the
number 5, 10, 15, 20, 25,…, etc. These numbers are called multiples.
Let us consider the following table:

Number Multiple
1 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,…

2 2, 4, 6, 8, 10,…
7 7, 14, 21, 28, 35,…

10 10, 20, 30, 40, 50,…

12 12, 24, 36, 48, 60…

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